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| heart, mind, spirit, motive, sense, mentality, idea Tâm 心 citta |
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心 hṛd, hṛdaya 汗栗太 (or 汗栗馱); 紀哩馱 the heart, mind, soul; citta 質多 the heart as the seat of thought or intelligence. In both senses the heart is likened to a lotus. There are various definitions, of which the following are six instances: (1) 肉團心 hṛd, the physical heart of sentient or nonsentient living beings, e. g. men, trees, etc. (2) 集起心 citta, the ālayavijñāna, or totality of mind, and the source of all mental activity. (3) 思量心 manas, the thinking and calculating mind; (4) 緣慮心; 了別心; 慮知心; citta; the discriminating mind; (5) 堅實心 the bhūtatathatā mind, or the permanent mind; (6) 積聚精要心 the mind essence of the sutras.
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| hell enfer Địa ngục 地獄 naraka |
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| Hidden essence of boudha Nature cachée de bouddha Ẩn một Như lai tạng 隱沒如來藏 |
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Every being has an essence of Buddha but it is hidden by the factors of disturbances.
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| Hindrance Nghiệp chướng 業障 Karmāvaraṇa |
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The screen, or hindrance, of past karma, hindering the attainment of bodhi.
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| Hungry ghost esprits affamés Ngạ quỷ 餓鬼 preta |
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hungry spirits, one of the three lower destinies. They are of varied classes, numbering nine or thirty-six, and are in differing degrees and kinds of suffering, some wealthy and of light torment, others possessing nothing and in perpetual torment; some are jailers and executioners of Yama in the hells, others wander to and fro amongst men, especially at night. Their city or region is called 餓鬼城; 餓鬼界. Their destination or path is the 餓鬼趣 or 餓鬼道.
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