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a moment            Sát na    刹那    kṣaṇa
Absolute truth        Aspect de la pure ainsité     Đệ nhất nghĩa đế    第一義諦    paramārtha-satya
The supreme truth, or reality in contrast with the seeming; also called Veritable truth, sage-truth, surpassing truth, nirvāṇa, bhūtatathatā, madhya, śūnyatā, etc.

action        karma    Nghiệp    業    Karman
"action, work, deed"; "moral duty"; "product, result, effect." M.W. The doctrine of the act; deeds and their effects on the character, especially in their relation to succeeding forms of transmigration. The 三業 are thought, word, and deed, each as good, bad, or indifferent. Karma from former lives is 宿業, from present conduct 現業. Karma is moral action that causes future retribution, and either good or evil transmigration. It is also that moral kernel in which each being survives death for further rebirth or metempsychosis. There are categories of 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10; the 六業 are rebirth in the hells, or as animals, hungry ghosts, men, devas, or asuras.

activities of the mind        actes mentaux    Tâm hành    心行    citta-carya
The activities of the mind, or heart; also working on the mind for its control; also mind and action.

affliction            Hoặc    惑     
Affliction            Kết sử    結使    
The bondage and instigators of the passions.


Afflictive hindrances        Désirs terrestres     Phiền não chướng    煩惱障    Kleśāvaraṇa
The barrier of temptation, passion, or defilement, which obstructs the attainment of the nirvāṇa-mind.

Agitation        Agitation    Trạo cử    掉舉    auddhatya
Indicate a continuously agitated state which became an obstacle of meditative course.

Ajatashatru        Ajatashatru    A xà thế    阿闍世    Ajatashatru
Name of the king of Magadha (the ancient kingdom of India). At the time of Buddha, the prince Ajatashatru listened to his bad friend Devadatta, a cousin and an adversary of Buddha, to imprison his father-king and to eliminate Buddha. Later, with his remorse, he came to ask for shelter to Buddha and become a very efficient protector of Buddhism.

Ajita        Ajita    A dật đa    阿逸多    Ajita
Amitabha Budha        Bouddha Amitabha    Phật A Di Đà    阿彌陀佛    Amitābha Budha
Amitabha mantra        Mantra d'Amitabha    A di đà chú    阿彌陀咒    Amitābha mantra
A sacred expression of Amitabha Buddhawhich protects the mind of the person who recites and allows him to attain the Pure Lane after death.

Anathapindika        Bienfaiteur des nécessiteux    Cấp cô độc    給孤獨    Anàthapindika
Antidote        Antidote    Đối trị     對治    Pratipakṣa
Antidote anti-trouble.

Arhat, Arahan        Arhat    A la hán    阿羅漢    Arahan
According to Theravada, it is the fourth and highest noble being, who, has eliminated completely all avitities and stains of passions. It's also one of ten synonymes of buddha, a noble peron who merits to accept offertories; eliminating vainglory, agitation and ignorance; liberating the cycle of reincarnation; having nothing to learn anymore.

Ascetic        Ascétisme    Khổ hạnh    苦行    Duṣkara-caryā
Asceticism is a volunteer discipline of the body and mind trying to strive towards a perfection.

aspiration for enlightenment        aspiration à l'Eveil    Bồ đề tâm    菩提心    bodhi-citta
Attachment (or desire) and views            Ái kiến    愛見    
Attachment, Desire        Attachement, Désir    Ái dục    愛欲    Tṛṣṇā, toṣayati, priya
Craving or excessive or inappropriate desire

Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva         Bodhisattva Avaloskiteshvara    Bồ Tát Quán Thế Âm    觀世音菩薩    Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva

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