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Absolute truth        Aspect de la pure ainsité     Đệ nhất nghĩa đế    第一義諦    paramārtha-satya
The supreme truth, or reality in contrast with the seeming; also called Veritable truth, sage-truth, surpassing truth, nirvāṇa, bhūtatathatā, madhya, śūnyatā, etc.

activities of the mind        actes mentaux    Tâm hành    心行    citta-carya
The activities of the mind, or heart; also working on the mind for its control; also mind and action.

Afflictive hindrances        Désirs terrestres     Phiền não chướng    煩惱障    Kleśāvaraṇa
The barrier of temptation, passion, or defilement, which obstructs the attainment of the nirvāṇa-mind.

Ajatashatru        Ajatashatru    A xà thế    阿闍世    Ajatashatru
Name of the king of Magadha (the ancient kingdom of India). At the time of Buddha, the prince Ajatashatru listened to his bad friend Devadatta, a cousin and an adversary of Buddha, to imprison his father-king and to eliminate Buddha. Later, with his remorse, he came to ask for shelter to Buddha and become a very efficient protector of Buddhism.

all-inclusive wisdom; universal wisdom            Chủng trí    種智    sarvathā-jñāna
perfect buddha-wisdom that fully knows every single thing in existence

All-inclusive wisdom; universal wisdom        Omniscience    Nhất thiết chủng trí    一切種智    Sarvathā-jñāna
Is an exclusive wisdom of a perfect Buddha, the wisdom which knows the reality such which.

Ascetic        Ascétisme    Khổ hạnh    苦行    Duṣkara-caryā
Asceticism is a volunteer discipline of the body and mind trying to strive towards a perfection.

aspiration for enlightenment        aspiration à l'Eveil    Bồ đề tâm    菩提心    bodhi-citta
Attachment (or desire) and views            Ái kiến    愛見    
Attachment, Desire        Attachement, Désir    Ái dục    愛欲    Tṛṣṇā, toṣayati, priya
Craving or excessive or inappropriate desire

Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva         Bodhisattva Avaloskiteshvara    Bồ Tát Quán Thế Âm    觀世音菩薩    Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva
Be mindful of the meritorious virtues of the Buddha        Méditer sur un bouddha     Niệm phật    念佛    Buddhānusmṛti
To repeat the name of a Buddha, audibly or inaudibly.

bestower of fearlessness        Octroi-Courage, Donateur de Sécurité    Thí vô uý giả    施無畏者    abhaya-dāna
Blue lotus        Lotus bleu    Ưu bát la    優鉢羅    Utpala
Bodhisattva        Bodhisattva    Bồ tát    菩薩    Bodhisattva
Buddha's wisdom            Phật trí    佛智    Buddha-jñāna
Buddha-wisdom, i.e. supreme, universal gnosis, awareness or intelligence; sarvajñatā, omniscience.

Buddhist monk        Moine bouddhiste    Tỉ khâu, Tì kheo    比丘    Bhikkhu, Bhikṣu
a religious mendicant, an almsman, one who has left home, been fully ordained, and depends on alms for a living. Some are styled 乞士 mendicant scholars, all are 釋種 Śākya-seed, offspring of Buddha. The Chinese characters are clearly used as a phonetic equivalent, but many attempts have been made to give meanings to the two words, e. g. 比 as 破 and 丘 as 煩惱, hence one who destroys the passions and delusions, also 悕能 able to overawe Māra and his minions; also 除饉 to get rid of dearth, moral and spiritual. Two kinds 内乞 and 外乞; both indicate self-control, the first by internal mental or spiritual methods, the second by externals such as strict diet. 苾芻 is a fragrant plant, emblem of the monastic life.


Calm, silent place        Lieu calme    A lan nhã    阿蘭若    Àranya
cause and effect        causalité     Nhân quả    因果    hetu-phala
Cause and effect; every cause has its effect, as every effect arises from a cause.


cause and effect        causalité     Nhân quả ứng báo    因果應報    hetu-phala
Cause and effect in the moral realm have their corresponding relations, the denial of which destroys all moral responsibility.



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